Not only has the makeup of the American workforce evolved over the past fifty years as more and more women have sought jobs outside the home, but work itself has changed as the service sector has grown and employment in manufacturing has declined.
| Occupation by Sex, Employed Civilian Population Age 16+, 2000 | ||||
| Percent of | Percent of | |||
| Male | Workforce | Female | Workforce | |
| Total Employed | 3,719,272 | 53.17% | 3,275,775 | 46.83% |
| Management, professional, & related occupations: | 1,088,807 | 15.57% | 1,117,386 | 15.97% |
| Management, business, & financial operations: | 534,351 | 7.64% | 390,999 | 5.59% |
| Management, except farm managers | 387,210 | 5.54% | 233,593 | 3.34% |
| Farmers & farm managers | 11,654 | 0.17% | 3,031 | 0.04% |
| Business & financial operations: | 135,487 | 1.94% | 154,375 | 2.21% |
| Business operations specialists | 66,716 | 0.95% | 74,583 | 1.07% |
| Financial specialists | 68,771 | 0.98% | 79,792 | 1.14% |
| Professional & related occupations: | 554,456 | 7.93% | 726,387 | 10.38% |
| Computer & mathematical | 94,295 | 1.35% | 38,698 | 0.55% |
| Architecture & engineering: | 99,980 | 1.43% | 15,743 | 0.23% |
| Architects, surveyors, cartographers, & engineers | 67,391 | 0.96% | 9,365 | 0.13% |
| Drafters, engineering, & mapping technicians | 32,589 | 0.47% | 6,378 | 0.09% |
| Life, physical, & social science | 24,212 | 0.35% | 17,262 | 0.25% |
| Community & social services | 39,883 | 0.57% | 55,339 | 0.79% |
| Legal | 39,660 | 0.57% | 43,242 | 0.62% |
| Education, training, & library | 83,158 | 1.19% | 248,285 | 3.55% |
| Arts, design, entertainment, sports, & media | 76,237 | 1.09% | 60,556 | 0.87% |
| Healthcare practitioners & technical occupations: | 97,031 | 1.39% | 247,262 | 3.53% |
| Health diagnosing, treating practitioners, & technical operations | 73,340 | 1.05% | 159,203 | 2.28% |
| Health technologists & technicians | 23,691 | 0.34% | 88,059 | 1.26% |
| Service occupations: | 556,950 | 7.96% | 626,710 | 8.96% |
| Healthcare support | 17,316 | 0.25% | 124,778 | 1.78% |
| Protective services: | 134,268 | 1.92% | 35,493 | 0.51% |
| Fire fighting, prevention & law enforcement, including supervisors | 79,636 | 1.14% | 19,328 | 0.28% |
| Other protective service workers, including supervisors | 54,632 | 0.78% | 16,165 | 0.23% |
| Food preparation & serving related occupations | 178,331 | 2.55% | 207,833 | 2.97% |
| Building & grounds cleaning & maintenance | 171,261 | 2.45% | 117,342 | 1.68% |
| Personal care & service | 55,774 | 0.80% | 141,264 | 2.02% |
| Sales & office occupations: | 754,998 | 10.79% | 1,311,193 | 18.74% |
| Sales & related occupations | 471,645 | 6.74% | 464,472 | 6.64% |
| Office & administrative support | 283,353 | 4.05% | 846,721 | 12.10% |
| Farming, fishing, & forestry occupations | 48,997 | 0.70% | 14,575 | 0.21% |
| Construction, extraction, & maintenance occupations: | 689,689 | 9.86% | 27,644 | 0.40% |
| Construction & extraction: | 417,452 | 5.97% | 14,544 | 0.21% |
| Supervisors, construction & extraction | 55,118 | 0.79% | 1,927 | 0.03% |
| Construction trades | 359,600 | 5.14% | 12,532 | 0.18% |
| Extraction | 2,734 | 0.04% | 85 | 0.00% |
| Installation, maintenance, & repair | 272,237 | 3.89% | 13,100 | 0.19% |
| Production, transportation, & material moving occupations: | 579,831 | 8.29% | 178,267 | 2.55% |
| Production | 240,973 | 3.44% | 121,072 | 1.73% |
| Transportation & material moving: | 338,858 | 4.84% | 57,195 | 0.82% |
| Supervisors, transportation & material moving | 11,183 | 0.16% | 2,771 | 0.04% |
| Aircraft & traffic control | 13,839 | 0.20% | 720 | 0.01% |
| Motor vehicle operators | 177,668 | 2.54% | 25,777 | 0.37% |
| Rail, water & other transportation | 19,636 | 0.28% | 2,513 | 0.04% |
| Material moving | 116,532 | 1.67% | 25,414 | 0.36% |
| Industry by Sex, Employed Civilian Population Age 16+, 2000 | ||||
| Percent of | Percent of | |||
| Male | Workforce | Female | Workforce | |
| Total Employed | 3,719,272 | 53.17% | 3,275,775 | 46.83% |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting, & mining: | 72,578 | 1.04% | 19,885 | 0.28% |
| Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting | 65,576 | 0.94% | 19,143 | 0.27% |
| Mining | 7,002 | 0.10% | 742 | 0.01% |
| Construction | 496,628 | 7.10% | 65,483 | 0.94% |
| Manufacturing | 346,126 | 4.95% | 161,744 | 2.31% |
| Wholesale trade | 190,610 | 2.72% | 87,750 | 1.25% |
| Retail trade | 488,180 | 6.98% | 455,269 | 6.51% |
| Transportation, warehousing, & utilities: | 275,497 | 3.94% | 98,682 | 1.41% |
| Transportation & warehousing | 228,442 | 3.27% | 85,821 | 1.23% |
| Utilities | 47,055 | 0.67% | 12,861 | 0.18% |
| Information | 119,334 | 1.71% | 96,453 | 1.38% |
| Finance, insurance, real estate, rental & leasing: | 240,622 | 3.44% | 322,930 | 4.62% |
| Finance & insurance | 135,874 | 1.94% | 228,106 | 3.26% |
| Real estate & rental & leasing | 104,748 | 1.50% | 94,824 | 1.36% |
| Professional, scientific, management, administrative, & waste: | 412,642 | 5.90% | 326,874 | 4.67% |
| Professional, scientific, & technical services | 212,284 | 3.03% | 188,349 | 2.69% |
| Management of companies & enterprises | 1,226 | 0.02% | 1,251 | 0.02% |
| Administrative & support & waste management services | 199,132 | 2.85% | 137,274 | 1.96% |
| Educational, health & social services: | 317,431 | 4.54% | 947,534 | 13.55% |
| Educational services | 148,732 | 2.13% | 354,517 | 5.07% |
| Health care & social assistance | 168,699 | 2.41% | 593,017 | 8.48% |
| Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation & food: | 377,348 | 5.39% | 355,112 | 5.08% |
| Arts, entertainment, & recreation | 115,699 | 1.65% | 77,102 | 1.10% |
| Accommodation & food services | 261,649 | 3.74% | 278,010 | 3.97% |
| Other services (except public administration) | 181,999 | 2.60% | 177,426 | 2.54% |
| Public administration | 200,277 | 2.86% | 160,633 | 2.30% |
Source: Census 2000 analyzed by the Social Science Data Analysis Network (SSDAN).
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