Virginia

INDUSTRY & OCCUPATION

Not only has the makeup of the American workforce evolved over the past fifty years as more and more women have sought jobs outside the home, but work itself has changed as the service sector has grown and employment in manufacturing has declined.

Occupation by Sex, Employed Civilian Population Age 16+, 2000
Percent of Percent of
Male Workforce Female Workforce
Total Employed 1,778,658 52.12% 1,633,989 47.88%
Management, professional, & related occupations: 651,860 19.10% 653,046 19.14%
Management, business, & financial operations: 297,249 8.71% 232,899 6.82%
Management, except farm managers 204,194 5.98% 132,267 3.88%
Farmers & farm managers 11,011 0.32% 2,293 0.07%
Business & financial operations: 82,044 2.40% 98,339 2.88%
Business operations specialists 44,737 1.31% 51,639 1.51%
Financial specialists 37,307 1.09% 46,700 1.37%
Professional & related occupations: 354,611 10.39% 420,147 12.31%
Computer & mathematical 99,026 2.90% 46,048 1.35%
Architecture & engineering: 66,895 1.96% 10,715 0.31%
Architects, surveyors, cartographers, & engineers 50,554 1.48% 7,120 0.21%
Drafters, engineering, & mapping technicians 16,341 0.48% 3,595 0.11%
Life, physical, & social science 23,034 0.67% 14,910 0.44%
Community & social services 18,986 0.56% 29,546 0.87%
Legal 28,856 0.85% 24,570 0.72%
Education, training, & library 48,946 1.43% 148,935 4.36%
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, & media 34,550 1.01% 35,757 1.05%
Healthcare practitioners & technical occupations: 34,318 1.01% 109,666 3.21%
Health diagnosing, treating practitioners, & technical operations 26,704 0.78% 73,254 2.15%
Health technologists & technicians 7,614 0.22% 36,412 1.07%
Service occupations: 197,082 5.78% 271,097 7.94%
Healthcare support 5,079 0.15% 49,091 1.44%
Protective services: 57,250 1.68% 15,633 0.46%
Fire fighting, prevention & law enforcement, including supervisors 37,678 1.10% 7,527 0.22%
Other protective service workers, including supervisors 19,572 0.57% 8,106 0.24%
Food preparation & serving related occupations 61,336 1.80% 85,980 2.52%
Building & grounds cleaning & maintenance 56,694 1.66% 46,245 1.36%
Personal care & service 16,723 0.49% 74,148 2.17%
Sales & office occupations: 293,949 8.61% 574,578 16.84%
Sales & related occupations 170,533 5.00% 189,317 5.55%
Office & administrative support 123,416 3.62% 385,261 11.29%
Farming, fishing, & forestry occupations 12,990 0.38% 3,346 0.10%
Construction, extraction, & maintenance occupations: 315,423 9.24% 12,310 0.36%
Construction & extraction: 190,782 5.59% 5,509 0.16%
Supervisors, construction & extraction 25,905 0.76% 636 0.02%
Construction trades 160,983 4.72% 4,766 0.14%
Extraction 3,894 0.11% 107 0.00%
Installation, maintenance, & repair 124,641 3.65% 6,801 0.20%
Production, transportation, & material moving occupations: 307,354 9.01% 119,612 3.50%
Production 154,033 4.51% 85,982 2.52%
Transportation & material moving: 153,321 4.49% 33,630 0.99%
Supervisors, transportation & material moving 4,798 0.14% 974 0.03%
Aircraft & traffic control 4,709 0.14% 617 0.02%
Motor vehicle operators 78,417 2.30% 14,845 0.43%
Rail, water & other transportation 8,235 0.24% 1,068 0.03%
Material moving 57,162 1.68% 16,126 0.47%
Industry by Sex, Employed Civilian Population Age 16+, 2000
Percent of Percent of
Male Workforce Female Workforce
Total Employed 1,778,658 52.12% 1,633,989 47.88%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, hunting, & mining: 35,630 1.04% 7,795 0.23%
Agriculture, forestry, fishing & hunting 26,421 0.77% 6,975 0.20%
Mining 9,209 0.27% 820 0.02%
Construction 223,300 6.54% 26,855 0.79%
Manufacturing 260,353 7.63% 126,751 3.71%
Wholesale trade 66,031 1.93% 27,446 0.80%
Retail trade 187,928 5.51% 201,509 5.90%
Transportation, warehousing, & utilities: 117,153 3.43% 41,324 1.21%
Transportation & warehousing 95,637 2.80% 35,406 1.04%
Utilities 21,516 0.63% 5,918 0.17%
Information 71,335 2.09% 59,257 1.74%
Finance, insurance, real estate, rental & leasing: 91,211 2.67% 135,011 3.96%
Finance & insurance 60,597 1.78% 102,573 3.01%
Real estate & rental & leasing 30,614 0.90% 32,438 0.95%
Professional, scientific, management, administrative, & waste: 221,381 6.49% 174,300 5.11%
Professional, scientific, & technical services 159,983 4.69% 122,817 3.60%
Management of companies & enterprises 799 0.02% 906 0.03%
Administrative & support & waste management services 60,599 1.78% 50,577 1.48%
Educational, health & social services: 145,423 4.26% 480,733 14.09%
Educational services 84,399 2.47% 210,089 6.16%
Health care & social assistance 61,024 1.79% 270,644 7.93%
Arts, entertainment, recreation, accommodation & food: 114,097 3.34% 131,870 3.86%
Arts, entertainment, & recreation 26,232 0.77% 24,399 0.71%
Accommodation & food services 87,865 2.57% 107,471 3.15%
Other services (except public administration) 86,613 2.54% 97,082 2.84%
Public administration 158,203 4.64% 124,056 3.64%

Source: Census 2000 analyzed by the Social Science Data Analysis Network (SSDAN).

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